Rice Dream

Introduction

1. Rice (Oryza sativa L) is the most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a staple food of about 2.4 billion euros or more. In South Asia as brown rice provides 23% of energy per capita per capita and 16% protein. Its protein content is modest 7%, but it provides minerals, vitamins and fiber too.

Table 1. Rice production statistics in the world

Country 1994 / Performance HACT / hac 1998 / Performance HACT / hac Differencet / hac Percentage increase compared to years

China 5.9 6.1 0.2 3.28

India 2.8 2.89 0.01 0.35

Indonesia 4.3 4.1 -0.2 -4.88

0.4 Vietnam 3.5 3.9 10.26

Japan 6.8 6.4 -0.4 -6.25

States United States States 6.7 6.3 -0.4 -6.35

Korea 6.1 6.9 0.8 11.59

Pakistan 2.5 2.8 0.3 10.71

Egypt 7.9 - - -

Iran 4.4 - - -

Peru 5.8 - - -

Table 2. Production of rice in the Indian states

1994 1998 Difference

West Bengal 1.9 2.2 0.3

2.5 2.8 0.3 Haryana

Punjab 3.7 3.5 -0.2

Tamil Nadu 2.3 3.0 0.7

Andhra Pradesh 2.6 2.9 0.3

Jammu & Kashmir

Kashmir 0.3 2.5 2.8

0.3 1.6 1.9 Jammu

Jammu and Kashmir has the unique distinction of having agrarian reforms implemented. About 1.82 lakh hectares of land have been distributed. Of this total about 0.94 lakh hectares have been distributed free among the peasants. Although absentee landowners has been abolished. Over the years, neo-land owners have emerged, which are comparable to absentee landlords and land owners not so much exploitation "Jagir".

The reform was to achieve the dual goal of giving the farmer's place in the social system and also ensure a more efficient use of state resources.

The main objective to achieve self-sufficiency in terms of rice production, but a simple jump a few lakh tons to 0.86 million tonnes. However, the major break through has been hampered due to various causes. An analysis of problem causes made by us in the past could be summarized in Fig. 1.

Problems

Rice production in the State of Jammu and Kashmir is essentially an activity of monoculture. The area is about 40% in Jammu and Kashmir Division 60% Division. The availability of irrigation is about 91% against 99% in Haryana and Punjab. The Haryana and Punjab irrigation is assured, which means severe climate change, as most of it comes from groundwater sources. Our potential for irrigation for rice in Kashmir is bound snow. Most are by the canal system, which dry up during projects and flooding after heavy rain and snow too.

In spite of climate change over the years rice production has recorded a growth that can fluctuate depending on weather conditions. Our production of foodgrains 22.59 lakh tonnes by the end of 9th Plan recorded a jump of more productivity quantitum 8th Plan of 13.56 lakh tonnes. A similar downward trend upward is noticeable in respect of chemical fertilizers increased from 43,400 to 72,400 metric tonnes during the same period.

Common factors such as improved;

1. improved seeds, including the production of hybrid seed at a time, certification and distribution of farmers' needs critical evaluation.

2. Using the recommendations of production by farmers needs an effective mechanism for technology transfer with the widespread use of electronic and print media as well as training modules for Employment Agriculture extension agents.

3. The irrigation system so dependent must be replaced by an irrigation potential permanent or semi-insured especially Khandi belt.